The Case of Najma Saʿīd Ismāʿīl: A ‘Proof of Ownership’ Document Issued by the Islamic State (2016)
Introduction Among scholars working in the field of Slavery Studies and related areas, one of the most pressing questions in recent years concerns the difficulty of labelling the diverse phenomena we see: when is it appropriate to speak of slavery? When do we refer to bondage? What role does labour coercion play? To mention only two important approaches discussed in the last couple of years: is it more useful to focus in our analyses on social relations shaped by ‘strong…